Trem regional
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Trem regional é um termo usado para serviços de trem de passageiros que operam entre cidades e vilas. Esses trens operam com mais paradas do que os trens intercidades, e ao contrário dos trens suburbanos, operam além dos limites das áreas urbanas, conectando cidades e vilas menores.
Na América do Norte, trem regional é frequentemente usado como sinônimo de trem suburbano, muitas vezes usando trem suburbano para se referir a sistemas que oferecem serviços principalmente ou apenas durante o horário de pico, enquanto trem regional se refere a sistemas que oferecem serviços durante todo o dia.[1][2]
Características
O trem regional geralmente é definido como o fornecimento de serviços que ligam áreas urbanas, ao contrário do trem suburbano, que liga locais dentro de uma única área urbana. Diferentemente dos serviços interurbanos, os trens regionais param em mais estações e atendem a comunidades menores. Eles podem compartilhar rotas com serviços interurbanos, fornecendo serviços para assentamentos que os trens interurbanos ignoram, ou ser o único serviço em rotas com pouco movimento para justificar o serviço interurbano.
Os serviços ferroviários regionais têm muito menos probabilidade de serem lucrativos do que os interurbanos (principalmente porque muitos passageiros usam passes mensais, o que resulta em um preço mais baixo por viagem, e a velocidade média mais baixa resulta em menor distância, o que significa menos receita de passagens por hora de operação) e, portanto, exigem financiamento do governo. Isso é justificado por motivos sociais ou ambientais e porque os serviços ferroviários regionais geralmente funcionam como alimentadores de linhas interurbanas mais lucrativas.
Há também serviços que estão entre regionais e intermunicipais, como o Oresundtrain (entre Copenhague e três cidades na Suécia a mais de 3 horas de distância) com padrão de parada como um trem regional e preços de passes que atraem passageiros a trabalho.
Trem regional em diferentes países
Esta lista descreve os termos usados para transporte ferroviário regional em vários países, conforme descrito acima.
Country | Railway company | Name | English / comments |
---|---|---|---|
Algeria | SNTF | Inter-villes / Réseau de lignes de banlieue | The "Inter-villes" autorail is the regional train in Algeria, and the "Réseau de lignes de banlieue" (commuter rail) is the suburban train of the big Algerian cities such as Algiers, Oran, Constantine, and Annaba |
Australia | Queensland rail | Traveltrain | Operates long distance trains in Queensland out of Brisbane. (Except The Inlander) |
NSW TrainLink | Operates regional and intercity trains in NSW out of Sydney or from Newcastle, It also interstate operations to Melbourne and Brisbane. | ||
Transwa | Operates regional rail in Western Australia to Kalgoorlie and Bunbury from Perth. | ||
V/Line | Operates regional and intercity services in Victoria out of Melbourne, it is well known for operating the V/locity DMU. | ||
Austria | ÖBB | Regionalzug | "Regional train". Calls at every stop. They only convey 2nd class. |
Belgium | NMBS/SNCB | lokale trein/train local | "Local train" |
Catalonia, Spain | Rodalies de Catalunya and FGC | Regional, Regional Exprés and Mitjana Distància | Until 2008, Regional Exprés was officially known as Catalunya Exprés.[3] Soon, in 2024, FGC will take over the R12 line of Rodalies de Catalunya, where Renfe Operadora currently operates the trains.[4] |
China | China Railway | 市郊旅客列车 | " zh" (S-series trains), not common. Note that " zh" trains (C-series trains) may be more frequent than Suburban Railways and are used for commuting. |
Czech Republic | ČD | Osobní vlak, Spěšný vlak | "Passenger train", "Semi-fast train" |
Denmark | DSB, Arriva | Regionaltog | "Regional train". This category is used for trains usually calling at every stop. |
Finland | VR Group | Taajamajuna (Finnish) (FI), Regionaltåg (Swedish) | "Conurbation train". Station announcements use "regional train". |
France | SNCF / RATP | TER, RER, Transilien | Transport Express Régional (TER) in most French regions, Transilien and RER for Île-de-France |
Germany | DB and others | Regionalbahn (RB) Regionalexpress (RE) | "Regional train". This category is used for trains calling at every stop outside urban areas. Previously they were named Nahverkehrszug and even before Personenzug. |
DB | S-Bahn (S) | "Suburban train" or "City train". This category is used for trains calling every stop in a city. S-Bahn only operated in cities. In the country it's called "Regionalbahn" (see above). | |
India | IR | Passenger train | "Passenger train" or simply as "Passenger". This category is used for trains stopping at every railway station along its route. |
NCRTC | RapidX | Regional rapid transit systems that offer semi-high-speed connectivity within the regions. | |
Indonesia | KAI | Kereta Ekonomi Lokal | "Local Economy Train". This category is used for trains stopping at every railway station along their route to a major city within an operational area. Exceptionally, when operating in overlapping pattern with Jakarta commuter rail, the train only stops at certain stations. |
Italy | Trenord | Treno regionale | "Regional train". This category is used for trains calling at every stop, or most stops. These trains are operated by Trenord, the regional train company for Lombardy. |
Trenitalia | Treno regionale (IT) | "Regional train". This category is used for trains calling at every stop, or most stops. Previously, regional trains were named treni locali (local trains). | |
Japan | JR group | 中距離列車 近郊形電車 アーバンネットワーク(āban nettowāku) (JA) | "Mid-distance Train," "Suburban Train," "Urban-Network." These categories are used for trains calling at less stops than commuter trains in city area, and making every stop in suburb or further. |
Luxembourg | CFL | Regionalbunn (LB), RegionalExpress | Regionalbunn ("Regional train") is used for trains calling at nearly every stop, unlike RegionalExpress |
Netherlands | NS and others | Sprinter (NS)/Stoptrein (others) (NL) | "Sprinter" or "Stopping train". Connects nearby cities, stops at (almost) all stations, the basic local train service. |
Norway | NSB | Regiontog | "Regional train". This term is used by Norges Statsbaner for medium- and long-distance trains: those that do not stop at all stations. Norway has no high-speed trains except for short distances. Long-distance trains have frequent stops, since they are also used for regional travel and do not try to compete with air travel as the railways are winding and slow. |
Poland | Polregio | Pociąg REGIO (PL) | "REGIO train" |
Portugal | Comboios de Portugal | Comboio Regional (PT) | "Comboio Regional" Stops at the stations where a person has bought a ticket to the stop. Connects various towns and villages to big cities around the coast. |
Romania | CFR | Regio | Shortened "Regional" (formerly, Personal) |
Serbia | Serbian Railways | Putnički voz (Passenger train) | Short-, medium- and long-distance stopping trains, that stop at all stations between two points. These trains are usually the slowest trains in Serbia, but are most commonly used because of their low price comparing to Brzi voz ("Fast train", stopping only at major stations) and Inter Siti Srbija ("InterCity Serbia", similar to Brzi voz, except that most are international trains). Most Putnički voz trains are consisted of one ŽS 441/ŽS 444 locomotive and one to three coaches or ŽS 412 EMU. There are plans to replace ŽS 412s with new ŽS 413 sets. Now its called Regio. |
Spain | Renfe Operadora | Media Distancia | "Medium Distance" (formerly, Regionales). |
Sweden | SJ and others | Regionaltåg (SV) | "Regional train". The public transport organisations organise both local and regional trains in Sweden, with similar tickets in both cases, with monthly pass prices competitive with car commuting. In some cases single ride tickets are sold mainly by the operator. SJ sells tickets to all regional trains, in parallel with the main operator. |
Switzerland | SBB-CFF-FFS and others | Regionalzug (German) Train régional (French) Treno regionale (Italian) | "Regional Train". Replaces the former terms Personenzug (German, "passenger train") and train omnibus (French) to have a more precise description and basically the same word in all three national languages. Starting in December 2004, the abbreviation Regio was introduced for all languages. Trains named Regio call at every stop. |
Taiwan | Taiwan Railways Administration | 區間車 (Chinese) | Local trains stop at every stations on main lines; exclusive class on passenger branch lines. Trainsets include: EMU500, EMU700, EMU800, and DRC1000. |
Turkey | TCDD | Bölgesel Tren | "Regional Train". Stops at (almost) all stations, the basic local train service. |
United Kingdom (Great Britain) | British Rail (1982–1997) | Regional Railways | Train services outside London and South East which are not InterCity trains. |
Ver também
- Categorias de trem na Europa
- Terminologia ferroviária de passageiros
- Elektrichka
Referências
- ↑ Blumgart, Jake. «Taking the 'Commuter' Out of America's Rail Systems». Governing. e.Republic LLC. Consultado em 11 de abril de 2023
- ↑ Spieler, Christof (24 de agosto de 2021). Trains, Buses, People, Second Edition: An Opinionated Atlas of US and Canadian Transit. [S.l.]: Island Press. p. 54. ISBN 9781642832136
- ↑ GIRONA, JOAN BRUNET. «RIP Catalunya Exprés - 27 des 2009». El Punt Avui (em catalão). Consultado em 6 de fevereiro de 2023
- ↑ 324cat (19 de outubro de 2021). «Renfe perd Rodalies de Lleida, que gestionarà FGC a partir del 2024». CCMA (em catalão). Consultado em 6 de fevereiro de 2023
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