Latihan RIMPAC
Latihan RIMPAC | |
|---|---|
 Legenda peta
| |
| Ibu pejabat | Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, A.S |
| Jenis | Latihan ketenteraan |
| Anggota | 22 anggota (RIMPAC 2014)
6 pemerhati (RIMPAC 2014)
2 Aktif Lepas (Tidak menyertai pada 2014)
2 Pemerhati Lepas (Tidak memerhati pada 2014)
|
| Pendirian | 1971 |
RIMPAC, atau Latihan Lingkaran Pasifik, merupakan satu latihan peperangan maritim antarabangsa terbesar. RIMPAC dilakukan dua tahun sekali antara bulan Jun sehingga Julai pada tahun-tahun genap di Honolulu, Hawaii. Ia dihoskan dan ditadbir Armada Pasifik yang berpangkalan di Pearl Harbor, dengan kerjasama Kor Marin, Pengawal Pantai, dan pasukan Pengawal Negara Hawaii yang berada di bawah kawalan Gabenor Hawaii. Tentera AS menjemput pasukan tentera daripada Lingkaran Pasifik dan para jemputan lain untuk menyertainya. Markas Pasifik A.S berhasrat untuk meningkatkan kerjasama antara pasukan-pasukan tentera di Pasifik, sebagai satu cara untuk mempromosi kestabilan di kawasan ini serta membawa kebaikan kepada semua negara peserta. Tentera Laut A.S percaya peluang latihan unik ini membantu negara-negara untuk meningkatkan dan mengekalkan hubungan kerjasama yang merupakan kunci kepada keselamatan laluan laut di perairan antarabangsa.[1]
Para peserta
Edisi sulung latihan RIMPAC telah diadakan pada tahun 1971, yang mana melibatkan pasukan tentera daripada Australia, Kanada, New Zealand, United Kingdom (UK), dan Amerika Syarikat. Australia, Kanada, dan AS terlibat dalam semua latihan RIMPAC siejak tahun ini. Para peserta biasa yang lain adalah Chile, Colombia, Perancis, Indonesia, Jepun, Malaysia, Belanda, Peru, Singapura, Korea Selatan, dan Thailand. Tentera Laut Diraja New Zealand mula melibatkan diri secara kerap sehingga pertikaian kapal-kapal nuklear ANZUS 1985 mula timbul, tetapi mula menyertai semula dalam latihan RIMPAC terbaharu iaitu pada tahun 2012, 2014 dan 2016.
Beberapa negara pemerhati lain selalunya juga dijemput termasuk China, Ecuador, India, Mexico, Filipina, dan Rusia, yang mana menjadi peserta aktif untuk pertama kali pada tahun 2012.[2] Meskipun tidak meyumbangkan sebarang kapal, negara pemerhati dalam latihan RIMPAC terlibat pada tahap strategik dan menggunakan peluang ini untuk persediaan bagi penglibatan penuh pada masa depan.
Kontigen daripada Amerika Syarikat termasuk sebuah kumpulan penyerang pengangkut pesawat, kapal selam, sehingga seratus buah pesawat dan 20,000 kelasi, daripada Marin AS, Pengawal Pantai dan para pegawai mereka. Saiz latihan berbeza dari tahun ke tahun.
RIMPAC 2004
| Kapal-kapal yang menyertai RIMPAC 2004 [3] | |
|---|---|
 Tentera Laut Diraja Australia | HMAS Newcastle (FFG 06) HMAS Parramatta (FFH 154) HMAS Success (AOR 304) |
 Markas Maritim Tentera Kanada | HMCS Algonquin (DDG 283) HMCS Regina (FFH 334) HMCS Protecteur (AOR 509) HMCS Brandon (MM 710) |
 Tentera Laut Chile | Lynch (PFG-07) |
 Pasukan Pertahanan Diri Laut Jepun | JDS Haruna JDS Amagiri (DD 154) (Asagiri class) JDS Inazuma (DD 105) (Murasame class) JDS Asakaze (DDG 169) (Tachikaze class) |
 Tentera Laut Republik Korea | ROKS Chungmugong Yi Sun-sin ROKS Eulji Mundeok (DDH-972) (KD-I class) |
 Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat | USS John C. Stennis USS Lake Champlain USS Howard USS Ford USNS Rainier USS Tarawa USS Rushmore USS Dubuque USS Lake Erie USS Paul Hamilton USS O'Kane SS Cape Girardeau (T-AK 2039) (C-5-S-75a Class) USCGC Rush USS Chosin USNS Walter S. Diehl USS Avenger USS Defender HSV-2 Swift USNS Victorious USNS Effective USS John Paul Jones (DDG-53) |
| Kapal selam yang menyertai RIMPAC 2004 [4] | |
|---|---|
| Tentera Laut Diraja Australia | HMAS Rankin (SSG 78) |
| Tentera Laut Chile | SS Simpson (SS-21) (Type 209) |
| Pasukan Pertahanan Diri Laut Jepun | JDS Narushio (SS 595) (Kelas Oyashio) |
| Tentera Laut Republik Korea | ROKS Chang Bogo (SS-061) |
| Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat | USS Olympia USS Key West USS Louisville (SSN-724) |
| Pesawat yang menyertai RIMPAC 2004 [5] | |
|---|---|
| Tentera Laut Diraja Australia | S70 B SK50 |
 Tentera Udara Diraja Australia | AP-3C Orion |
 Markas Udara Tentera Kanada | CH 124 CP-140 |
| Tentera Laut Chile | SH32 Cougar |
| Pasukan Pertahanan Diri Laut Jepun | P-3C |
| Tentera Laut Republik Korea | Lynx P-3C |
 Tentera Udara Diraja | Nimrod |
| Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat | F-14 Tomcat F-18C Hornet EA-6B Prowler E2-C Hawkeye C-130 Hercules P-3C Orion S-3B Viking SH-60 Seahawk CH-46 Sea Knight F-18E Super Hornet B-52 KC-135R Tanker CH-53D Sea Stallion C-2A Greyhound |
RIMPAC 2004 melibatkan 40 buah kapal, 7 kapal selam, 100 pesawat, dan hampir 18,000 anggota tentera daripada tujuh buah tentera laut, termasuk Kanada, Australia, Jepun, Korea Selatan, Chile, dan United Kingdom.[3][4][5][6] Ia menumpukan akan latihan pelbagai negara serta membina kepercayaan dan kerjasama antara tentera-tentera laut negara peserta. Laksamana Madya Patrick M. Walsh, Komander Carrier Group Seven, berperanan sebagai Komander Pasukan Tugas Pelbagai Negara[7] di atas kapal pengangkut pesawat super USS John C. Stennis.
RIMPAC 2010
On 23 June 2010, U.S. Pacific Fleet commander Admiral Patrick M. Walsh and Combined Task Force commander Vice Admiral Richard W. Hunt announced the official start of the month-long 2010 Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) exercise during a press conference held in Lockwood Hall at Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam. RIMPAC 2010 was the 22nd exercise in the series that originated in 1971.[8] The exercise was designed to increase the operational and tactical proficiency of participating units in a wide array of maritime operations by enhancing military-to-military relations and interoperability.[9] Thirty-two ships, five submarines, over 170 aircraft, and 20,000 personnel participated in RIMPAC 2010, the world's largest multi-national maritime exercise.[10]
RIMPAC 2010 brought together units and personnel from Australia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, France, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Netherlands, Peru, South Korea, Singapore, Thailand, and the United States. During the exercise, participating countries conducted gunnery, missile, anti-submarine, and air defense exercises, as well as maritime interdiction and vessel boarding, explosive ordnance disposal, diving and salvage operations, mine clearance operations, and an amphibious landing. RIMPAC 2010 will also emphasize littoral operations with ships like the U.S. littoral combat ship Freedom, the French frigate Prairial, and the Singaporean frigate kelas-Formidable RSS Supreme.[8]
On 28 June 2010, the aircraft carrier Ronald Reagan arrived in Pearl Harbor to participate in RIMPAC 2010. Ronald Reagan was the only aircraft carrier to participate in this exercise. During the in-port phase of RIMPAC, officers and crew of the 14 participating navies interact in receptions, meetings, and athletic events.[11] Ronald Reagan completed its Tailored Ships Training Availability (TSTA) exercises prior to RIMPAC 2010.[11]
During 6–7 July 2010, 32 naval vessels and five submarines from seven nations departed Pearl Harbor to participate in Phase II of RIMPAC 2010. This phase included live fire gunnery and missile exercises; maritime interdiction and vessel boardings; and anti-surface warfare, undersea warfare, naval maneuvers and air defense exercises. Participants also collaborated in explosive ordnance disposal; diving and salvage operations; mine clearance operations; and amphibious operations.[12] Phase III involved scenario-driven exercises designed to further strengthen maritime skills and capabilities.[12]
During RIMPAC 2010, over 40 naval personnel from Singapore, Japan, Australia, Chile, Peru, and Colombia managed combat exercises while serving aboard Ronald Reagan (pictured). This involved managing anti-submarine warfare and surface warfare for Carrier Strike Group Seven and the entire RIMPAC force, including the use of radar, charts, and high-tech devices to monitor, chart, and communicate with other ships and submarines. Tactical action officers from the different countries coordinated the overall operational picture and provided direction and administration to the enlisted personnel involved in the Sea Combat Control (SCC) activities.[13] Also, Reagan conducted a live Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM) launch, firing at a simulated target, the first since 2007.[10][11]
On 30 July 2010, RIMPAC 2010 concluded with a press conference held at Merry Point Landing on Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam.[9] A reception for over 1,500 participants, distinguished visitors and special guests was held in the hangar bays of the carrier Ronald Reagan.[10]
During RIMPAC 2010, participating countries conducted three sinking exercises (SINKEX) involving 140 discrete live-fire events that included 30 surface-to-air engagements, 40 air-to-air missile engagements, 12 surface-to-surface engagements, 76 laser-guided bombs, and more than 1,000 rounds of naval gunfire from 20 surface combatant warships.[9] Units flew more than 3100 air sorties, completed numerous maritime interdiction and vessel boardings, explosive ordnance disposal, diving and salvage operations and mine clearance operations and 10 major experiments, with the major one being the U.S. Marine Corps Enhanced Company Operations experiment.[9] Ground forces from five countries completed five amphibious landings, including nine helicopter-borne amphibious landings and 560 troops from ship-to-shore mission. In all, 960 different training events were scheduled and 96 percent were completed in all areas of the Hawaiian operations area, encompassing Kāneʻohe Bay, Bellows Air Force Station, the Pacific Missile Range Facility, and the Pohakuloa Training Area.[9]
RIMPAC 2012
| Kapal yang terlibat dalam RIMPAC 2012 [14] | |
|---|---|
| Tentera Laut Diraja Australia | HMAS Darwin (FFG 04) HMAS Farncomb (SSG 74) HMAS Perth (FFH 157) |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Kanada | HMCS Algonquin (DDG 283) HMCS Ottawa (FFH 341) HMCS Victoria (SSK 876) HMCS Yellowknife (MM 706) |
| Tentera Laut Chile | CS Almirante Lynch (FF-07) |
 Tentera Laut Perancis | FS Prairial (F731) |
| Pasukan Pertahanan Diri Laut Jepun | JDS Myōkō (DDG-175) JDS Shirane JDS Uraga (MST-464) |
 Tentera Laut Mexico | ARM Usumacinta (A-412) |
 Tentera Laut Diraja New Zealand | HMNZS Endeavour (A11) HMNZS Te Kaha (F77) |
| Tentera Laut Republik Korea | ROKS Choe Yeong (DDH-981) ROKS Na Daeyong (SS-069) ROKS Yulgok Yi I (DDG-992) |
 Angkatan Laut Republik Singapura | RSS Formidable (68) |
 Tentera Laut Rusia | RFS Admiral Panteleyev (BPK 548) RFS Fotiy Krylov RFS Irkut |
| Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat dan Pengawal Pantai Amerika Syarikat | Kapal perang: USS Chafee (DDG-90) USS Charlotte (SSN-766) USS Cheyenne (SSN-773) USS Chosin (CG-65) USS Chung-Hoon (DDG-93) USS Crommelin (FFG-37) USS Essex (LHD-2) USS Gary (FFG-51) USS Higgins (DDG-76) USS Lake Erie (CG-70) USS Nimitz (CVN-68) USS North Carolina (SSN-777) USS Paul Hamilton (DDG-60) USS Port Royal (CG-73) USS Princeton (CG-59) USS Reuben James (FFG-57) USS Stockdale (DDG-106) USCGC Bertholf (WMSL-750) |
| Kapal bantuan: USNS Henry J. Kaiser (T-AO-187) USNS Matthew Perry (T-AKE-9) USNS Salvor (T-ARS-52) USNS Yukon (T-AO-202) | |
RIMPAC 2012 merupakan latihan kali ke-23 yang bermula pada 29 Jun 2012. Ia melibatkan 42 buah kapal termasuk kapal pengangkut pesawat USS Nimitz dan elemn-elemen lain dalam Carrier Strike Group 11, enam buah kapal selam,[14] 200 buah pesawat dan 25,000 anggota tentera daripada 22 buah negara di Hawaii. Latihan ini melibatkan penempur permukaan daripada A.S., Kanada, Jepun, Australia, Korea Selatan dan Chile.[15] Tentera Laut AS mempamerkan kapal-kapal Armada Hijau Besar yang kuasanya dijana bahan api bio di mana 450,000 gelen bahan api bio telah dibeli, dengan harga $12 juta.[16] Pada 17 Julai, USNS Henry J. Kaiser menghantar 900,000 gelen bahan api bio dan petroleum ke Kumpulan Penyerang Pengangkut 11-Nimitz.[17]
Latihan ini juga melibatkan anggota tentera daripada Australia, Kanada, Chile, Colombia, Perancis, India, Indonesia, Jepun, Malaysia, Mexico, Belanda, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Republik Korea, Filipina, Rusia, Singapurea Thailand, Tonga, United Kingdom dan Amerika Syarikat.[18][19] Rusia juga menyertai latihan ini secara aktif buat pertama kalinya,[2] sama seperti Filipina, yang dilaporkan menghadapi ketegangan yang meningkat dengan China berkaitan dengan pemilikan Terumbu Scarborough.[20]
RIMPAC 2012 menandakan kemunculan sulung pesawat peronda anti kapal selam milik Tentera Laut A.S yang berpangkalan di darat iaitu P-8A Poseidon, dengan dua buah P-8A menyertai latihan RIMPAC ke-24 sebagai sebahagian daripada Skuadron Pertama Penilaian dan Ujian Udara (VX-1) yang berpangkalan di Pangkalan Kor Marin Hawaii di Teluk Kaneohe.[21]
RIMPAC 2014
| Pasukan yang terlibat RIMPAC 2014 [22] | |
|---|---|
| Tentera Laut Diraja Australia | HMAS Success (OR 304) HMAS Sheean (SSG 77)[23] Learjet 35 MRH-90 Taipan Detasmen menyelam |
 Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei | KDB Darulaman KDB Darussalam (OPV 06) |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Kanada | HMCS Calgary (FFH 335) HMCS Victoria (SSK 876)[24] Detasmen menyelam |
| Tentera Udara Kanada | 1 CC-130T Hercules 1 CC-150T Polaris 6 CF-18 Hornet 3 CP-140 Aurora |
| Tentera Laut Chile | CNS Blanco Encalada (FF 15) (Kelas M) SH-32 Cougar |
 Colombian National Armada | ARC Almirante Padilla (FM-51) (Kelas Almirante Padilla) AS555 (Fennec 2) |
| Tentera Laut Perancis | FS Prairial (F 731) Alouette (Helikopter utiliti ringan) |
 Tentera Laut India | INS Sahyadri (F 49) Alouette (Helikopter utiliti ringan) |
 Tentera Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut | KRI Banda Aceh (LPD 593) (Kelas Makassar) Pasukan darat |
| Pasukan Pertahanan Diri Laut Jepun | JS Kirishima (DDG 174) JS Ise (DDH 182) P-3C Orion SH-60K Seahawk Detasmen menyelam Pasukan darat |
 Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia | Platun infantri |
| Tentera Laut Mexico | ARM Revolution (P 164) (Kelas Oaxaca) AS565 Panther Pasukan darat |
 Tentera Laut Diraja Belanda | Anggota staf komponen |
| Tentera Laut Diraja New Zealand | HMNZS Canterbury (L 421) SH-2G Sea Sprite Detasmen Penyapu Ranjau Pasukan darat Pasukan menyelam operasi |
 Tentera Udara New Zealand | P-3K2 Orion |
 Tentera Laut Diraja Norway | HNoMS Fridtjof Nansen (F 310) |
 Angkatan Laut Tentera Pembebasan Rakyat | PLA(N) Haikou (DD 171) PLA(N) Yueyang (FF 575) (Type 054A) PLA(N) Qiandaohu (AO 886) (Type 903) PLA(N) Peace Ark (T-AH 866) (Type 920) Z-8 Changhe Z-9 Harbin Unit menyelam Kapal pengumpul perisikan Type 815 kelas Dongdiao Beijixing (no pennant 851), pemerhati luar yang tidak dijemput.[25] |
 Tentera Laut Peru | Anggota staf komponen |
| Tentera Laut Republik Korea | ROKS Seoae Ryu Seong-ryong (DDG 993) (Kelas Sejong the Great) ROKS Wang Geon (DDH 978) (Kelas Chungmugong Yi Sun-sin) ROKS Lee Sunsin (SS 068) (Kelas Chang Bogo)[26] P-3C Orion Super Lynx Mk.99 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Unit Pasukan darat |
 Tentera Laut Filipina | Anggota staf komponen |
| Angkatan Laut Republik Singapura | RSS Intrepid (F 69) (Kelas Formidable) S-70B Seahawk |
 Tentera Laut Tonga | Platun infantri |
 Tentera Laut Diraja | Anggota staf komponen |
| Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat | USS Cape St. George (CG 71) USS Chafee (DDG 90) MH-60R/S Seahawk |
| Pasukan Pemerhati RIMPAC 2014 |
|---|
 Tentera Laut Bangladesh |
 Tentera Laut Brazil |
 Tentera Laut Diraja Denmark |
 Tentera Laut Jerman |
 Tentera Laut Itali |
 Tentera Laut Papua New Guinea |
| Kawasan Operasi California Selatan RIMPAC 2014 | |
|---|---|
| Tentera Laut Diraja Australia | Explosive Ordnance Disposal Platoon Mine Counter Measure Dive Platoons Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Detachment |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Kanada | HMCS Nanaimo (MM 702) (MM 705 was withdrawn by the Canadian Forces for misconduct)[27] Diving Element |
| Tentera Laut Chile | Unit anti periuk api |
| Pasukan Pertahanan Diri Laut Jepun | Mine Counter Measure Dive Platoon |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Belanda | Pasukan selaman |
| Tentera Laut Diraja New Zealand | Mine Counter Measure Dive Platoon Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Detachment |
| Tentera Laut Peru | Detasmen penyelaman |
| Tentera Laut Diraja | Unit Pelupusan Ordanans Maritim |
| Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat | USS Anchorage (LPD 23) USS Champion (MCM 4) USS Coronado (LCS 4) USNS Montford Point (T-MLP 1) USS Scout (MCM 8) Mobile Dive Salvage Units Explosive Ordnance Disposal Units Mine Counter Measure Dive Units Marine Mammal Systems |
RIMPAC 2014 merupakan latihan ke-24 yang dilaksanakan pada 26 Jun sehingga 1 Ogos.[1]
Untuk pertama kalinya, Tentera Laut Diraja Norway terlibat secara aktif dalam latihan ini. Norway telah menghantar sebuah frigat kelas Fridtjof Nansen dan kemungkinan juga pasukan khas laut.[28] China juga telah dijemput untuk menghantar kapal-kapal mereka daripada Angkatan Laut Tentera Pembebasan Rakyat; menandakan bukan sahaja ia merupakan kali pertama China menyertai latihan RIMPAC, tetapi juga kali pertama China terlibat dalam latihan laut berskala besar yang diketuai oleh A.S.[29] Pada 9 Jun 2014, China mengesahkan bahawa ia akan menghantar empat buah kapal ke latihan ini, iaitu sebuah pemusnah, frigat, kapal bekalan dan hospital.[30][31]
Para peserta RIMPAC pada tahun ini adalah Australia, Brunei, Kanada, Chile, China, Colombia, Perancis, India, Indonesia, Jepun, Malaysia, Mexico, Balanda, New Zealand, Norway, Peru, Filipina, Singapura, Korea Selatan, Tonga, United Kingdom, dan Amerika Syarikat.[32] Thailand tidak dijemput untuk menyertai latihan ini berikutan sebuah rampasan kuasa tentera pada 22 Mei. Ketidakhadiran Thailand bermakna hanya 22 buah negara menyertai RIMPAC berbanding 23 buah yang telah diwar-warkan sebelumnya.[33] Latihan ini melibatkan 55 buah kapal, lebih 200 buah pesawat, dan sekitar 25,000 anggota tentera.[22][34]
RIMPAC 2016
| Negara peserta RIMPAC 2016 [35] | |
|---|---|
| Tentera Laut Diraja Australia | HMAS Ballarat (FFH 155) HMAS Canberra (L02) HMAS Warramunga (FFH 152) 3 Lockheed AP-3C Orion 1 Learjet 35 1 MH-60R Seahawk 5 MRH-90 Taipan 1 S-70B Seahawk Pasukan darat |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei | Staff |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Kanada | HMCS Calgary (FFH 335) HMCS Vancouver (FFH 331) 1 CC-130J Super Hercules 3 CP-140 Aurora 1 KCC-130T Hercules 8 CF-18 Hornet |
| Tentera Laut Chile | Almirante Cochrane (FF-05) Helikopter Cougar SH-32 |
| Angkatan Laut Tentera Pembebasan Rakyat | Changdao (867) Gaoyouhu (966) Hengshui (572) Peace Ark (866) Xi'an (153) |
| Colombian National Armada | Staf |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Denmark | Staf |
| Tentera Laut Perancis | Prairial (F731) |
| Tentera Laut Jerman | Pasukan darat (Seebataillon und Reservisten des Dezernates Marineschifffahrtleitung)[36] |
| Tentera Laut India | INS Satpura (F48) |
| Tentera Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Laut | KRI Diponegoro (365) Pasukan darat |
| Tentera Laut Itali | Staf dan pasukan darat |
| Pasukan Pertahanan Diri Laut Jepun | JDS Chōkai JDS Hyūga 2 P-3C Orion |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia | Pasukan darat |
| Tentera Laut Mexico | Staf |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Belanda | Pasukan darat |
| Tentera Laut Diraja New Zealand | Templat:HMNZS 2 P-3K2 Orion 1 SH-2G (I) Seasprite Pasukan darat |
| Tentera Laut Diraja Norway | Pasukan darat |
| Tentera Laut Peru | Pasukan darat |
| Tentera Laut Filipina | Staf |
| Angkatan Laut Republik Singapura | RSS Steadfast (70) |
| Tentera Laut Republik Korea | ROKS Kang Gam Chan (DDH 979) ROKS Sejong the Great (DDG 991) ROKS Lee Eokgi (SS 071) 1 P-3C Orion Pasukan darat |
 Tentera Laut Diraja Thailand | Staf |
| Tentera Laut Tonga | Pasukan darat |
| Tentera Laut Diraja | Staf |
| Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat | USS America USS Chung-Hoon (DDG-93) USS Coronado USS Howard USS John C. Stennis (CVN-74) USS Mobile Bay (CG-53) USS Pinckney USS Princeton USS San Diego USS Shoup (DDG-86) USS Stockdale USS William P. Lawrence (DDG-110) USNS Henry J. Kaiser USNS Navajo USNS Rainier USNS Rappahannock USNS Safeguard USNS Washington Chambers USCGC Stratton 4 buah kapal selam 2 B-52H Stratofortress 2 E-3B/C Sentry 2 KC-130 Hercules 3 KC-135R Stratotanker 1 MC-130J Commando II 8 RQ-7Bv2 Shadow 8 F-16 Fighting Falcon 4 F-22 Raptor 10 F/A-18 Super Hornet 3 AH-1W SuperCobra 1 CH-47F Chinook 4 CH-53E Super Stallion 1 HH-60M Pave Hawk 6 MV-22B Osprey 1 OAH-64D Apache 2 UH-1Y Venom 1 UH-60M Black Hawk Pasukan darat |
| Kawasan Operasi California Selatan RIMPAC 2016 [35] | |
|---|---|
| Tentera Laut Diraja Kanada | HMCS Saskatoon (MM 709) HMCS Yellowknife (MM706) |
| Tentera Laut Mexico | ARM Usumacinta (A412) |
| Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat | USS Champion USS Freedom USS Pearl Harbor (LSD-52) |
India menyertai RIMPAC 2016.[37]
Pada April 2016, Republik Komunis China juga dijemput ke RIMPAC 2016 meskipun ketegangan timbul di Laut China Selatan.[38]
RIMPAC 2018
Pada 23 Mei 2018, Pentagon mengumumkan bahawa ia "tidak menjemput" China di sebabkan pendudukan tentera di pulau-pulau Laut China Selatan baru-baru ini, selepas China membuat pengumuman pada bulan Januari bahawa ia telah dijemput.[39] Republik Komunis China sebelumnya telah menyertai RIMPAC 2014 & 2016.
Pada 30 Mei 2018, Tentera Laut AS mengumumkan bahawa tentera laut daripada negara-negara berikut akan menyertai latihan ini;
- Tentera Laut Amerika Syarikat
- Royal Navy
- Tentera Laut Diraja Kanada
- Tentera Laut Diraja Australia
- Tentera Laut Diraja New Zealand
- Tentera Laut Perancis
- Tentera Laut Jerman
- Pasukan Pertahanan Diri Laut Jepun
- Tentera Laut Republik Korea
- Tentera Laut Diraja Belanda
- Tentera Laut Filipina
- Tentera Laut Diraja Thailand
- Tentera Laut Diraja Tonga
- Tentera Laut Republik Singapura
- Tentera Laut Chile
- Tentera Laut Peru
- Tentera Laut Kebangsaan Colombia
- Tentera Laut Sri Lanka
- Tentera Laut Brazil
- Tentera Laut Rakyat Vietnam
- Tentera Laut Israel
- Tentera Laut Mexico
- Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia
- Tentera Laut India
- Tentera Laut Diraja Brunei
- Tentera Laut Tentera Nasional Indonesia
Israel, Vietnam, Brazil, & Sri Lanka akan membuat penampilan sulung mereka di RIMPAC. Latihan ini juga melibatkan tembakan peluru hidup peluru berpandu anti kapal LRASM untuk pertama kali.[40]
Experiments
RIMPAC experiments have included a range of sectors important to international militaries. In RIMPAC 2000, for example, the first of the Strong Angel international humanitarian response demonstrations was held on the Big Island of Hawai'i near Pu'u Pa'a. That series continued with events in the summer of 2004 and again in 2006.
Participants have also conducted exercises in ship-sinking and torpedo usage. They also have tested new naval vessels and technology. For example, in 2004, the United States Navy tested the Australian built HSV-2 Swift, a 321-kaki (98 m) experimental wave-piercing catamaran that draws only 11 kaki (3.4 m) of water, has a top speed of almost 50 knot (93 km/j; 58 mph), and can transport 605 tons of cargo.
-
Marines from Kaneohe Bay conducting an amphibious landing in RIMPAC 2004. -
USS Key West at periscope depth, RIMPAC 2004 -
Ultra Heavy-Lift Amphibious Connector lands on the shore after disembarking USS Rushmore with heavy equipment during a Marine Corps Advanced Warfighting Experiment during RIMPAC 2014. The prototype is a ship-to-shore connector and is 50% scale. -
Legged Squad Support System (LS3) walks around the Kahuku Training Area during RIMPAC 2014. The LS3 is experimental technology being tested by the Marine Corps Warfighting Lab. -
Marines follow a Ground Unmanned Support Surrogate (GUSS), experimental technology being tested by the Marine Corps Warfighting Lab during RIMPAC 2014 at Kahuku Training Area. -
Forty-two ships & submarines from 15 nations steam in close formation during RIMPAC 2014 -
USS Ronald Reagan steams in close formation as one of forty-two ships & submarines representing 15 nations during RIMPAC 2014. In the background is JDS Ise
Budaya popolar
- RIMPAC 2012 merupakan set utama dalam filem Battleship pada tahun 2012.[perlu rujukan]
- Filem dokumentari IMAX bertajuk Aircraft Carrier: Guardians of the Sea meliputi RIMPAC 2014
Rujukan
- ^ a b "RIMPAC 2014". Commander, U.S. Pacific Fleet. Dicapai pada 10 June 2014.
- ^ a b "Russian Warships Arrive at U.S. Pearl Harbor for Joint Drills." RIA Novosti. 1 July 2012.
- ^ a b "Ships of RIMPAC 2004". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 8 March 2005. Dicapai pada 3 July 2014.
- ^ a b "Submarines of RIMPAC 2004". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 1 April 2005. Dicapai pada 3 July 2014.
- ^ a b "Aircraft of RIMPAC 2004". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 6 March 2005. Dicapai pada 5 July 2014.
- ^ Barber, Barrie. "RIMPAC 2004 Packs A Punch in Joint Exercise Near Hawaii". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2018-04-09. Dicapai pada 3 July 2014.
- ^ "Admiral Patrick M. Walsh (ret.) – iSIGHT Partners". Dicapai pada 3 July 2014.
- ^ a b Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class (SW) Mark Logico, USN. "RIMPAC 2010 Officially Opens". NNS100629-22. Commander Navy Region Hawaii Public Affairs. Dicapai pada 28 December 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Robert Stirrup, USN (2 August 2010). "RIMPAC 2010 Officially Concludes as Ships Return to Pearl Harbor". NNS100802-16. Commander, Navy Region Hawaii Public Affairs. Dicapai pada 28 December 2011.
- ^ a b c Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Stephen Votaw, USN (8 August 2008). "USS Ronald Reagan Returns from RIMPAC 2010". NNS100808-01. USS Ronald Reagan Public Affairs. Dicapai pada 28 December 2011. Italic or bold markup not allowed in:
|publisher=(bantuan) - ^ a b c Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Aaron Stevens, USN (30 June 2010). "USS Ronald Reagan Arrives in Hawaii for RIMPAC 2010". NNS100630-09. USS Ronald Reagan Public Affairs. Dicapai pada 28 December 2011. Italic or bold markup not allowed in:
|publisher=(bantuan) - ^ a b Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Robert Stirrup, USN (9 July 2010). "Ships Depart Pearl Harbor for RIMPAC 2010 Exercises". NNS100708-18. Commander, Navy Region Hawaii Public Affairs. Dicapai pada 28 December 2011.
- ^ Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Stephen Votaw, USN (24 July 2010). "USS Ronald Reagan Hosts International Navies for Sea Combat Control Exercises During RIMPAC 2010". NNS100724-06. USS Ronald Reagan Public Affairs. Dicapai pada 28 December 2011. Italic or bold markup not allowed in:
|publisher=(bantuan) - ^ a b "RIMPAC 2012: participating vessels by country". Naval Technology. Dicapai pada 18 June 2012.
- ^ "RIMPAC 2012". US Navy. Dicapai pada 18 June 2012.
- ^ "RIMPAC 2012: Great Green Fleet, communications and Yellow Sea security". Naval Technology. Dicapai pada 18 June 2012.
- ^ "USNS Henry J. Kaiser delivers biofuel for RIMPAC's Great Green Fleet demo". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2013-05-20. Dicapai pada 2018-06-20.
- ^ "RIMPAC Units Continue To Arrive in Hawaii". US Navy. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2018-06-20. Dicapai pada 1 July 2012.
- ^ "RIMPAC exercise to begin June 29". US Navy. Dicapai pada 1 July 2012.
- ^ "RP participates in RIMPAC 2012". Chinese state media. Dicapai pada 27 June 2012.
- ^ "VX-1 Flies P-8 Poseidon during RIMPAC 2012". NNS120729-04. RIMPAC Public Affairs. 29 July 2012. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2012-07-30. Dicapai pada 30 July 2012.
- ^ a b "RIMPAC 2014 Participating Forces". Dicapai pada 28 June 2014.
- ^ "Air of excitement as Success departs for RIMPAC". Dicapai pada 2 August 2014.
- ^ Pugliese, David (2 July 2014). "HMCS Victoria arrives in Pearl Harbor to take part in RIMPAC 2014". Dicapai pada 2 August 2014.
- ^ LaGrone, Sam (18 July 2014). "China Sends Uninvited Spy Ship to RIMPAC". U.S. NAVAL INSTITUTE. Dicapai pada 29 July 2014.
- ^ "ROKS Lee Sun Sin departs, RIMPAC 2014 [Image 17 of 17]". Dicapai pada 2 August 2014.
- ^ Pugliese, David (15 July 2014). "Navy ship ordered back to Canada from California due to personal misconduct from sailors". National Post. Dicapai pada 15 July 2014.
- ^ "Nå skal Forsvaret øve på Hawaii". vg.no. Verdens Gang. 6 December 2013. Dicapai pada 9 August 2016.
- ^ Editorial, Reuters. "China to attend major U.S.-hosted naval exercises, but role limited". Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2015-09-24. Dicapai pada 2018-06-20.
- ^ "China confirms attendance at U.S.-hosted naval exercises in June". Reuters. 9 June 2014. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2014-06-09. Dicapai pada 10 June 2014.
- ^ Tiezzi, Shannon (11 June 2014). "A 'Historic Moment': China's Ships Head to RIMPAC 2014". TheDiplomat.com. Dicapai pada 10 June 2014.
- ^ "23 Nations to Participate in Maritime Exercise".
- ^ Cole, William (25 June 2014). "Military coup gets Thailand booted from RIMPAC lineup". StarAdvertiser.com. Dicapai pada 26 June 2014.
- ^ Brunnstrom, David; Alexander, David (26 June 2014). "China looks to gain by joining big U.S.-led Pacific naval drills". Reuters.com. Reuters. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2015-07-13. Dicapai pada 26 June 2014.
- ^ http://www.marine.de/portal/a/marine/start/aktuelle/!ut/p/z1/hVBdT4NAEPw1vN4eUAr6dvRLDCHGqi33Yq6wHhi8I9crGOOP90iTJiY27sMkOzM7m13gsAeuxNBKYVutROf6ks9f0yR_yoObIMjXlNFstSruoijzN5sZvMDuPwt3Mr1SjMK2RihdRnw1IwxgCxx4jaTSCu2EFpVtHUojrDak18Z2k3IyximkraGk_jKl8WWV_83S53y-CMN4maWPU-C7GMTnZVZU09FQNkLVHT7oip2Je-Cy04fzN5g6hIkEbvANDRpyMo5urO2Ptx716DiORGotOyQ1evSviUYfLex_GaH_WCdFEQ1fOe5-APs4VQQ!/dz/d5/L2dBISEvZ0FBIS9nQSEh/#Z7_B8LTL2922LF0A0IEENH55I1G32
- ^ "India to participate in world's largest maritime warfare exercise in US next year". 11 December 2015.
- ^ "SECDEF Carter: China Still Invited to RIMPAC 2016 Despite South China Sea Tension - USNI News". 18 April 2016.
- ^ "U.S. kicks China out of military exercise". Politico. 23 May 2018. Dicapai pada 24 May 2018.
- ^ https://www.ebay.com/itm/Varyag-Liaoning-Challenge-Coin-Celebrating-China-PLAs-1st-Aircraft-Carrier/132621928932?hash=item1ee0e209e4:g:WakAAOSw44BYVxO-
Pautan luar
- United States Pacific Command
- Commander, U.S. Third Fleet
- RIMPAC site
