Mardijker Creole
Extinct Portuguese-based creole of Jakarta
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Portuguese. Click [show] for important translation instructions.
- Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
- Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 466 articles in the main category, and specifying
|topic=will aid in categorization. - Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
- You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
Content in this edit is translated from the existing Portuguese Wikipedia article at [[:pt:Crioulo português de Java]]; see its history for attribution. - You may also add the template
{{Translated|pt|Crioulo português de Java}}to the talk page. - For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
| Mardijker | |
|---|---|
| Batavian Creole Portuguese | |
| Papiá Tugu | |
 Mardijkers in 1704 and in the background, presumably the land granted to them outside Batavia, now Kampung Tugu. The building is possibly the original Tugu Church.[1] | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Jakarta |
| Ethnicity | Mardijker people |
Language family | Portuguese-based creole languages
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | None (mis) |
| Glottolog | Nonemala1533 Malacca–Batavia Creole |
| Linguasphere | 51-AAC-ahd |
| IETF | idb-u-sd-idjk |
Mardijker is an extinct Portuguese-based creole of Jakarta. It was the native tongue of the Mardijker people. The language was introduced with the establishment of the Dutch settlement of Batavia (present-day Jakarta); the Dutch brought in slaves from the colonies they had recently acquired from the Portuguese, and the slaves' Portuguese creole became the lingua franca of the new city. The name is Dutch for "freeman", as the slaves were freed soon after their settlement. The language was replaced by Betawi creole Malay in Batavia by the end of the 18th century, as the Mardijker intermarried and lost their distinct identity. However, around 1670 a group of 150 were moved to what is now the village and suburb of Tugu, where they retained their language, there known as Papiá, until the 1940s.
The earliest known record of the language is documented in a wordlist published in Batavia in 1780, the Nieuwe Woordenschat.[2] The last competent speaker, Oma Mimi Abrahams, died in 2012, and the language survives only in the lyrics of old songs of the genre Keroncong Moresco (Keroncong Tugu).[3]
References
- ^ Burnet, Ian (September 16, 2017). "The Forgotten Mardijkers of Batavia". Spice Islands Blog. Wordpress. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
- ^ see Nieuwe Woordenschatm uyt het Niederduitsch in her Maleedsch en Portugeesch, zeer gemakkelyk voor de errst op Batavia komen (1780)
- ^ "Punahnya Bahasa Kreol Portugis..." [Extinction of the Portuguese Creole Language...]. Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (in Indonesian). 2015-11-03. Retrieved 2020-05-10.
Bibliography
- Nieuwe Woordenschatm uyt het Niederduitsch in her Maleedsch en Portugeesch, zeer gemakkelyk voor de errst op Batavia komen. Batavia: Lodewyk Dominicus. 1780.
- Maurer, Philippe (2011). The Former Portuguese Creole of Batavia and Tugu (Indonesia). London: Battlebridge Publications.
- Suratminto, Lilie (2011). "Creol Potuguese of the Tugu Village: Colonial Heritage in Jakarta Based on the Historical and Linguistic Review". Tawarikh. 3 (1). doi:10.2121/tawarikh.v3i1.393 (inactive 31 January 2024).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link) - Suratminto, Lilie (2014). "Bahasa Tugu: Bahasa Kreol Yang Punah" [Bahasa Tugu: The Extinct Creole]. Jurnal Melayu (in Malay). 13: 85–100.
- Schuchardt, Hugo (1891), "Kreolische Studien IX. Uber das Malaioportugiesische von Batavia und Tugu", Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, vol. 122, Wien, pp. 1–256
External links
- John Holm, 1989, Pidgins and Creoles: Volume 2, Reference Survey
- Batavia Creole by Maurer Philippe at apics-online.info
- A small history of Tugu
- v
- t
- e
- Mardijker or Papiá Tugu (extinct)
- Bidau Portuguese (extinct)
- Papiá Kristang
- Portugis (extinct)
Portuguese lexical influence
This pidgin and creole language-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
- v
- t
- e
