Ibyka

Extinct genus of ferns

Ibyka Temporal range: Middle Devonian–Upper Devonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Division:	Pteridophyta
Class:	†Cladoxylopsida
Order:	†Ibykales
Family:	†Ibykaceae
Genus:	†Ibyka Skog & Banks (1973)
Type species
Ibyka amphikoma Skog & Banks (1973)
Species
†I. amphikoma Skog & Banks (1973) †I. vogtii (Høeg 1942) Berry (2005)

Ibyka is an extinct genus of Iridopteridales, and a possible ancestor to horsetails.^[1]
The name comes from the poet Ibykos because the discovery of the fossil was due to the activity of construction cranes during the construction of the Gilboa Dam. ^[2]^[3] The probable relationships within Equisetopsida are shown in the cladogram below. The position where Ibyka would be added.^[4]

?†Ibyka

†Pseudobornia ursina

†Sphenophyllales

†Archaeocalamitaceae

	†Calamitaceae

	Equisetaceae

References

^ Thomas N. Taylor, Edith L. Taylor, Michael Krings: Paleobotany. The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants . Second Edition, Academic Press 2009, ISBN 978-0-12-373972-8 , p. 398-400.
^ Skog, J.E.; Banks (1973). "H.P.". American Journal of Botany. 60: 366–380. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1973.tb05937.x.
^ Moran, Robbin (2004). A natural history of ferns (1 ed.). Timber Press.
^ "Introduction to the Sphenophyta". University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved 31 July 2011.

Fern classification

Supergroup Plant:
Bryophyta
Marchantiophyta
Polypodiophyta
Acrogymnospermae
Angiospermae

Basal clade

†Ibykales
- †Ibykaceae

†Cladoxylopsida

†Cladoxylales
- †Cladoxylaceae
- †Voelkeliaceae
†Hyeniales
- †Hyeniaceae
†Iridopteridales
- †Iridopteridaceae
†Pseudosporochnales
- †Pseudosporochnaceae
†Steloxylales
- †Steloxylaceae

Polypodiopsida

†Stauropterididae

†Stauropteridales
- †Stauropteridaceae

†Zygopterididae

†Rhacophytales
- †Rhacophytaceae
†Zygopteridales
- †Zygopteridaceae

Equisetidae

†Pseudoborniales †Pseudoborniaceae †Sphenophyllales †Aspidostachyaceae †Boegendorfiaceae †Boegendorfiaceae †Eviostachyaceae †Sphenophyllaceae
Equisetales	†Asterocalamitaceae †Autophyllitaceae †Honseleriaceae †Archaeocalamitaceae †Paracalamitaceae †Calamitaceae †Apocalamitaceae †Konnostachyaceae †Manchurostachyaceae †Notocalamitaceae †Schizoneuraceae †Sorocaulinaceae †Echinostachyaceae †Gondwanostachyaceae †Tchernoviaceae Equisetaceae

Ophioglossidae

Psilotales	Psilotaceae
Ophioglossales	Ophioglossaceae

Marattiidae

Marattiales	†Knorripteridaceae †Pecopteridaceae †Ptychocarpaceae †Weichseliaceae †Asterothecaceae †Danaeopsidaceae Marattiaceae

Polypodiidae

†Anachoropteridales
- †Anachoropteridaceae
- †Psalixochlaenaceae
- †Sermayaceae
†Botryopteridiales
- †Botryopteridiaceae
†Senftenbergiales
- †Senftenbergiaceae
†Urnatopteridales
- †Crossothecaceae
- †Discopteridaceae
- †Urnatopteridaceae

Osmundales

†Guaireaceae
Osmundaceae

Hymenophyllales

Hymenophyllaceae

Gleicheniales

Schizaeales

†Acrostichopteridaceae
†Cynepteridaceae
†Klukiaceae
†Stachypteridaceae
†Tempskyaceae
Anemiaceae
Lygodiaceae
Schizaeaceae

Salviniales

†Heroleandraceae
Marsileaceae
†Hydropteridiaceae
Salviniaceae

Cyatheales

Thyrsopteridineae	Thyrsopteridaceae Loxsomataceae Plagiogyriaceae Culcitaceae
Cyatheineae	†Tanydoraceae Metaxyaceae Cibotiaceae Dicksoniaceae Cyatheaceae

Polypodiales

Saccolomatineae	Saccolomataceae
Lindsaeineae	Cystodiaceae Lonchitidaceae Lindsaeaceae
Pteridineae	Pteridaceae
Dennstaedtiineae	Dennstaedtiaceae
Aspleniineae	Cystopteridaceae Rhachidosoridaceae Diplaziopsidaceae Hemidictyaceae Desmophlebiaceae Aspleniaceae Thelypteridaceae Woodsiaceae Onocleaceae Blechnaceae Athyriaceae
Polypodiineae	Hypodematiaceae Didymochlaenaceae Dryopteridaceae Lomariopsidaceae Nephrolepidaceae Tectariaceae Oleandraceae Davalliaceae Polypodiaceae